Internal combustion engine



Oct. 22, 1935. R4 F. GOOD i-:T AL

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 5l, 1935 l HW- j,

enz Maza/5 55cm/tar 77 a im ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 22, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE INTERNAL "COMBUSTION ENGINE .RoscoeE Good, United States Navy, John F. Fox, New Rochelle, N. Y., and George Marcus, deceased, late of Brooklyn, N. Y., by Benjamin -Marcus, executor Application January 31, 1933, ySerial No. 654,516

11 Claims.

provide 4a mechanism of the kind mentioned that is simple in its structure and makes for small cost of manufacture, low specific weight, high rigidity, freedom from torsional vibration of the crankshaft, yimproved cooling -of the joint between the cylinder head sand the cylinder liner, and relimina-- tion of an Iexternal exhaust manifold.

With the above and other 'objects in view, the invention consists in "the construction, combination and arrangement loi' parts as will be described more fully hereinafter.

'The drawing shows Ya vertical section through one cylinder of `en embodiment of our invention.

The drawing shows our invention adapted to a Diesel engine, though .it is -to Abe understood that its usefulness 'is 'not limited thereto as it is applicable to vany internal combustion motor.

' Frame I may be made of cast, welded or wrought metal and'lf lcast it .may be in one piece for Asmaller sizes, though more than one part will probably be .found to A'be more 'satisfactory in large engines. Where lightness is a desideratum the frame may be 'of suitable alloys of aluminum or other light weight material. Foot pieces 2 are provided for mounting the engine upon a suit'- able bed.

The ycrankcase 3 has in it bridge members 4 on which the crankshaft bearings rare carried; Passing through the bridge members 4 and on through the cylinder `head 6 'are vertical tie rods` 1 that have nuts 8 on the l'ends thereof whereby the tie rods are tensioned, the engine assembly is placed under an initial vvertical compression and stre'sses are 'transmitted 'directly from'the cylinder head to the main bearings. Intermediate nuts 9 on the ti'e'rods'secure the main bearing caps I0 in place; this, however, sets up indeterminate stress distributions in the tie rods and therefore large factors of safety in the rods are required. Hori- `zontal tie rods II and `I2 .may be employed to apply'transvers'e stresses to the frame and so increase its rigidity. Crankcase Y3 has in it openings `I3 to permit inspection Aof and Work upon the bearings, crankshaft, etc.

Cylinder liner I5 has at its upper end a laterally turned portion I6 by which it is bolted tothe under flange of 'cylinder head 6. Cylinder liner I5 and cylinder head 6 `are carried in frame top cover I1 that has `on its 'outer face an undercut forming a step I8Y that rests upon the upper end (Cl. 12S-195) of frame I and supports the liner. A iiller ring I9 is disposed between a circumferential rib 20 on the liner adjacent its lower end and an inwardly extending 'flange -2I on the frame, thus forming an enclosed space between the liner and 5 the frame. The lower inner edge of the ller ring is out 'away and suitable lpacking is compressed in the space so formed between the liner and the iiller ring by a packing gland 22 that is forced against the packing by studs 423. An intermediate water jacket 24 that has watertight contact with the portion I-I and with filler ring I9 is disposed between liner I5 and frame I, both to reducetheweight of the containedwater'and to protect the frame from attack by the cooling water In '15 l case the frame is made of readily corrosible material. `Cylinder head 6 is seated upon the top cover I1 yof the frame -I with a tongue 'and groove joint 38 between them. The gasket in the tongue and groove joint is of compressible material that permits the cylinder head to be drawn into metal to metal contact with frame top cover I1 after the gasket in the tongue and groove joint 38 is compressed. Were it not for this feature, the advantage obtained by placing the engine frame I 25 in initial compression would be lost. Cylinder lliner I5 has a flange I 6 through which it is bolted to the `cylinder head 6. Tongue and groove joint 39 has a softcopper gasket to make a gas-tight joint between cylinder head and liner. An uncooled joint between the liner and the cylinder head is eliminated by circulating water through space 4!! around the joint in addition to the cooling effected by the water in space 46 around the liner.

In cylinder head 6 are air start valve 4I and spray valve 42 operated by rocker arms 43 and 44, respectively, that are actuated by cams 45 and 25, respectively, and relief valve 26. Water passages 21 make V'provision for cooling the valves. The 40 air intake is shown' at 28 and the exhaust hea-der at 29, the latter being enclosed in a water jacket Zi-Il whereof the interior is connected'to passages 21 by openingsSD. The exhaust header is preferably formed integrauy with the cylinder head. 45

so Y

these individual parts is completed outside the engine.

The construction shown does not necessitate theI removal of the connecting rod through the cylinder and consequently permits the use of Va crankshaft 34 suiiiciently large and rigid practically to eliminate torsional vibration in the Y crankshaft without the use of any other vibration damping device.

Placing the exhaust header 29 within a water jacket that is in free communication with the cooling system for the cylinder head reduces Weight and cost, insures adequate water cooling of the header and limits the corrosion of the header to substantially that of the cylinder head.

The construction shown makes the cylinder linerv readily removable and leaves it i'ree to expand longitudinally with the consequent elimination of all longitudinal tensile strains in the liner due to gas pressure and to inertia.

It will be understood that the above description and accompanying drawing comprehend only the general and preferred embodiment of our invention, and that various changes in construction, proportion and arrangement of parts may be made within the scope of the appended claims without sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

We claim: f

1. In an internal combustion engine, a onepiece frame including a crankcase, a cylinder head,` a cylinder liner in said frame having at its upper end a laterally extending portion secured to said cylinder head, a frame top cover, said cylinder head having a laterally extending portion supported on and engaging said frame top cover, said frame top cover being in turn supported by and engaging said frame, an intermediate Water jacket member disposed between said liner and said frame and secured to said frame top cover, a iiller ring disposed between said liner and said frame adjacent the lower end of said liner and connected to said intermediate member, said cylinder Vhea-d having formed integrallyV therewith an exhaust header and awaterjacket enclosing said header, said cylinder head having in it passages for the circulation of Water'th'erethrough in communication with the jacket around frame, all'of said tie rods placing the cylinder head and frame Vassembly under initial com-v pressive stress.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a onepiece frame including a crankcase, said crankcase having in it openings through which running f parts maybe adjusted, a cylinder head, a cylinder liner in said frame having at its upper end a laterallyextending portion secured to` said cylinder head, a frame top cover, said cylinder head having a laterally extending portion supported on" and engagingV said frame top cover, said Yframe top cover being in turn supported by and engaging said frame, VanV intermediate water i .Y jacket member disposed between said liner an-d said frameand secured to said frame top cover, .a iiller ,Y ring disposed between said liner and said frame adjacent the lower end of said liner and connected to said intermediate member, said cylinder head having formed integrally therewith an exhaust header and a water jacket enclosing said header, said cylinder head having iu 5 it passages for the circulation of water therethrough in communication with the jacket around said exhaust header and passages between said frame top cover and said laterally extending portion of said liner, al1 of said passages being in 10 communication with the space between said intermediate member and said liner, transverse bridging members across said crankcase, tie rods extending through said bridging members and through said cylinder head, and other tie rods 15 extending transversely through said frame, all of said tie rods placing the cylinder head and frame assembly under initial compressive stress.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a onepiece frame including a crankcase, said crank- 20 case having in it openings through which running parts may be adjusted, a cylinder liner in said frame having at its upper end a laterally extending portiony secured to a cylinder head, said cylinder head having a laterally extending por- 25 tion supported on and engaging said frame top cover, said frame top cover being in turn supported by and engaging said frame, an intermediate water jacket member disposed between said liner and said frame and secured to said frame 30 top cover, a filler ring disposed between said liner and said frame adjacent the lower end of said liner and connected to said intermediate member, said cylinder head having formed integrally therewith an exhaust header and a water jacket 85' may be placed under initial compressive stress. 45,'

4. In an internal combustion engine, a frame, a cylinder liner mounted therein, a cylinder head mounted thereon, .said cylinder head having formed integrally therewith an exhaust header and a water jacket therefor, therebeing passages 60.

provided to circulate water through said head and said jacket and around the joint between said head and said liner, and tie rods whereby said frame and cylinder head assembly may be placed under compressive stress.

5. In an internal combustion engine, ai'rame j including a crank case, a frame top cover mounted thereon, a cylinder head mounted on said top cover, a cylinder liner secured Yto and suspended from said head, a iiller ring adjacent the lower 00 end of said liner disposed between said liner and said frame, a separate water jacket member extending from said cover to said ller ring, said member being secured'to said cover and serving to dene a space around said liner, and packing 05.V

means to prevent leakage of iiuid between said liner and said ller ring. Y g

f6. In an internal combustion engine, a frame including a crank case, a frame top cover mount- Y ed thereon, e eynnder heed mounted en said top cover, a cylinder liner operatively related to said head, Va ller ring adjacent the lower end oi' Y said liner disposed between said liner and said frame, a separate water jacket member extend- .ing from said cover to said ller ring, said mem- 75.

ber being secured to said cover and serving to dene a space around said liner, and packing means to prevent leakage of iiuid between-said liner and said iiller ring. t

7. In an internal combustion engine, a frame including a crank case, a frame top cover mounted thereon, a cylinder head mounted on said top cover, a cylinder liner secured to and suspended from said head, a ller ring adjacent the lower end of said liner disposed between said liner and said frame, and packing means to prevent leakage of fluid between said liner and said filler ring.

8. In an internal combustion engine, a frame including a crank case, a frame top cover mounted thereon, a cylinder head mounted on said top cover, a cylinder liner secured to and suspended from said head, and a filler ring adjacent the lower end of said liner disposed between said liner and said frame.

9. In an internal combustion engine, la frame including a crank case, a frame top cover mounted thereon, a cylinder head mounted on said top cover, a cylinder liner operatively related to said head, a iiller ring adjacent the lower end of said liner disposed between said liner and said frame, packing means to prevent leakage of uid between the said liner and said filler ring, and

means for placing the assembly of the aforesaid elements under initial vertical compression.

10. In an internal combustion engine, a frame including a crank case, a frame top cover mounted thereon, a cylinder head mounted on said top cover, a cylinder liner operatively related to said head, a ller ring adjacent the lower end of said liner disposed between said liner and said frame, packing means to prevent leakage of iluid between the said liner and said filler ring, and means for placing the assembly of the aforesaid elements under initial transverse compression.

l1. In an internal combustion engine, a frame including a crank case, a frame top cover mounted thereon, a cylinder head mounted on said top cover, a cylindel` liner operatively related to said head, a iiller ring adjacent the lower end of said liner disposed between said liner and said frame, packing means to prevent leakage of fluid between the said liner and said filler ring, and 20 means for placing the assembly of the aforesaid elements under initial vertical and transverse compression.

ROSCOE F. GOOD. JOHN F. FOX; BENJAMIN MARCUS, Executor ,for George Marcus, Deceased. 

